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The paper focuses on the analysis of the course of cholera in the years 1831–1832
in two free royal cities (Kežmarok, Levoča) and five small towns of Spiš (Hranovnica,
Ľubica, Podolínec, Spišské Vlachy, Švedlár). The study employs historical demography
to examine the mortality rates of cholera victims and other causes of death within the
specified calendar year. In addition, the natural population change and the proportion
of victims of the epidemic by age and sex are investigated, as well as the timing of the
epidemic, including the identification of its peak phase. The source base of the research
is the Roman Catholic registers of baptisms (born) and burials (deceased), historical
schematisms of the Diocese of Spiš and Rožňav from 1831 and 1832, and statistical data
published by Ladislav Nagy capturing the size of the population of Hungary at the end
of the 1820s.

The presented study is based on a detailed analysis of the population structure
of the town of Jablunkov, with a particular focus on the 1900 census data. It examines the
population according to home affiliation and place of birth, as well as the composition
of the population by age, sex and family status. It also considers the composition of the
population according to the language of daily use, religious belief and education, and the
distribution of the population according to economic activity and affiliation to the sector.
The economic and social structures were researched within the context of the potential
industrialisation process in this region at the turn of the 20th century. The analysis of the
population of the town of Jablunkov from the 1900 census confirms that there was no
industrial transformation in the region.

The overview study focuses on the issues of institutional and organizational
development of the pre-hospital emergency care system in the Czech lands in a broad
time frame from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 21st century. The
main attention is paid to the processes of gradual institutionalization, professionalization
and modernization, the result of which is the transition from originally voluntary rescue
associations to a fully professional emergency medical service at the regional level. Based
on selected milestones, the process is divided into several development phases, placed in
the relevant contemporary social framework and supplemented with statistical data with
an emphasis on selected demographic processes.